Seamless/Continuity
Seamless and continuity is an editing technique which is when the transition cannot be noticed, by this i mean that the action continues on. This is usually used when there is a lot of action.
The above example i have chosen is called ' Two And A Half Men' this is a programme which is a comedy sitcom and it entertains the audience. Where we see seamless and continuity editing is at 01:32 this is where we see a change of scene but the transition is not noticeable, this is editing technique is most used in sitcoms or shows and we don't very see it in films or music videos as much as they have clear cuts often. The affect seamless and continuity editing has on the audience the fact that it allows the audience to see all the action and also the audience can follow all the action step by step this invites the audience into the film, this will make them more keen to watch the whole film. I have done seamless and continuity editing as we had done a group project where we made our own music show, this is where we had done continuity editing as all we did not use transition because it was a live show.
Motivated
Motivated editing is when the shot actual gives the audience a hint about what the next shot would be, this is usually used when we see flashbacks as it tells the audience what happen previously or it gives a better understanding to the audience as they find out what actually happened before.
The above example i have chosen is from a film called ' Lion King', we see them use motivated editing at 00:51 because we see the lion look in the water then we see a flash back to his childhood. The affect motivated editing has is that it often allows the audience to gain more information or an insight to the character, motivated editing is mostly used by the filmmakers as some film makers would want to create a story line so by giving the audience more information it would allow them to understand the story. I have not really used motivated editing but i hopeful will use it in the future as now i know it is a really good technique to use.
Montage
Montage is when the is a group of clips which have been put into one, by this i mean that it's snippets or pictures together. We see this usually in trailers as their purpose is to not give a lot of detail as they try use clips that will actually make the audience watch the whole film. The main purpose of Montages are to highlight the key moments, so it does not give too much information to the audience.
The above example i have used is a film trailer for 'Fast and Furious 6' , we see clips taken from the film for example at 0:29 sec we see a car accident we do not actually know what happen, this is the purpose of the trailers as the film makers want the audience to watch, this is the big advantage of using montage as a editing technique. The affect montage has to the audience is that it engages them because it can often faster the process of the film becuase the director do not want the audience to get bored watching the film this is why they may just have a montage of the trip then carry on with the film, this would keep them engaged with the film and it won't drag the film out. I have made many montages over the four years I've been studying media, one i made very recently was my show reel, this is where i took clips from video's i had created.
Jump Cutting
Jump cutting is another editing technique, this is when the camera stays in the same shot but then jumps forward in time, this is often done to show time lapse, film makers may use this technique to fasten the process or tell the story more quick as it can get boring.
The above example i have chosen is from a film called 'Breathless' this uses jump cutting for example at 0.43 sec we see the character in the car then we see a cut in time and we see the response, we know this as the lighting changes when the jump cut happens and also it's in the same place as the shot before. The effect it has on the audience is that jump cuts always go to the key moments of the story or it may signify a key moment as the cut gets the attention of the audience. I have used jump cut editing when i had made a video which was called the interrogation, this is where we used different editing techniques.
180 Degree Rule
180 Degree Rule is used for conversation or even fight scenes, 180 degree rule is when you imagine there is an invisible line across the characters, this is so that the audience are not confused, if you cross the invisible line with the camera it means you breaken the rule.
The example i have chosen is called ' Agantuk' as it uses the 180 degree rule for example at 0.44 sec we see the characters having a conversation we see that they do not break the 180 degree rule as the position of the body is same in both camera positions The affect the 180 degree rule has on the audience is that by using the 180 degree rule it does not confuse the audience as the positions do not change this also makes the conversation look a lot more realistic as they would be speaking normally. I have used the 180 degree rule when doing the camera for a video called the interrogation, this is where we made sure that we do not go over the invisible line across the characters.
Splicing/Transitions
Splicing/transitions is an essential in the film industry as all films have transitions as it needs to have a clear flow and all films need to include or it may get boring for the audience to watch. Transitions consist of cut, dissolve, fade and wipe.
The above example i have chosen is from a film called ' Transformers' we see them use splicing or transitions at 01:44 we see a cut occur then it would go to the next shot, the cuts get the attention of the audience as it keeps it engaging. The effect splicing and transition have on the audience is that it has a clam and smooth feeling when you use the transition and also has a good flow. I have had used splicing and transition when i had created a music video we had used a lot of cuts and fades at the beginning and end it made it look a lot better.
Cutaways
Cutaways is an technique which is used as a filler shot, this makes it look more engaging. We see cutaways a lot in interview or game and talent shows as the camera changes a lot to show the action.
The above example i have chosen is from a film, we see a cutaways at 0.04 sec when the lady is on the phone and then we see the man who she is speaking to, there is a cutaway in between. The effect the audience has from cutaways is that they can gain more information or get the response from the audience. I have never used the cutaways i hope to use it in the future.
Point of View Shot
Point of view shot is when you see the camera in a persons perspective and also is in first person as we are the character and the camera is the character. Point of view shot can help make it look more clear and engaging as we are the character.
The above example is a short film called 'Wheels' this is where we see all the action in perspective of a person, for example at 01:24 we see a character hug the camera as if it is a person, this makes it feel like there hugging us and it shows that the camera is in a perspective of a person. The effect on the audience point of view has is that it makes you feel like your actually in the scene and it also gets the attention of the audience. I have used point of view when i had created the video called interrogation there was a specific scene where we had the camera in perspective of the character.
Shot Reverse Shot
Shot reverse shot is another technique which is used in films , shot reverse shot is when there is two people and minimal three shot, which starts of with shot A and then goes to shot B and then returns back to same shot A.
The above example i have chosen is an example of shot reverse shot as we see at 0.16 we see the shot over the man then we see a shot over the lady then it return back to the shoulder of the man at 0.23. The effect shot reverse shot has is that it allows the audience to see the lips moving while they are speaking allows them to confirm what they are saying this helps the audience a lot. I have used shot reverse shot in the interrogation video which i had made, this is where i had shot over both actors. Shot reverse is very common in conversation.
Providing and Withholding Information
Providing information is when they edit they give the extra information, it does not leave the audience asking questions as they got the extra information. With holding information is when the edit to make sure they do not give too much information, we see this occur in soaps mostly because they have a series which they want you to watch.
Providing
With Holding
The first example i have used is for providing information as we see in the clip it gives us the information at 0.28 sec because we see that boy who is stood there is the killer as he has weapon in his hand, the effect the audience have with this is that they can gain a lot information and it helps them understand clearly. The second example i have used is for withholding the information as we see them not show who injects the patient at 04:42 this is withholding information from the audience, by withholding information it builds suspense for the audience as they start to ask questions about who it could be and this may lead them to watching the following episodes. I have not used providing or withholding information in any projects but i hope i can use in the future as it is a really good way to attract the audience.
Editing Rhythm
Editing rhythm is when the tempo of the editing changes to match the soundtrack or usually refers back to the action which is occurring, this makes it a lot more exciting and builds suspense.
The above example i have chosen is from a film called ' Jaws' this is where we see the tempo of editing change depending on the tempo for example at 0.33 the music gets louder and then editing gets faster, this gets the audience more curious as they know something will occur but not sure whats going to happen, this audience to watch more as they want to know what happening. I have not used editing rhythm before but hope to use it in the future
Parallel Editing/ Crosscutting
Parallel Editing/ Crosscutting
Parallel editing and crosscutting is when the edit to cut between scenes as they are linked together. They both scenes usually cut at the same time to make sure that it is linked together and not to confuse the audience.
The above example i have chosen is from a film called 'Inception' because we see a clear example of cross cutting for example at 0:54 we see the characters in the hallway trying to escape and then the next scene we see is a van racing to the hotel to stop the people escaping these both scenes are linked together. The effect of the audience is that it faster the process because they can see both scenes at the same time and it doesn't have to show separate times and it is more entertaining for the audience
Cutting to Soundtrack
cutting to soundtrack is an editing technique this is where the editor carefully cuts on the beat of the music, this is usually used in music videos or montages as it keeps it more engaging.
The above example is a music video called ' Promise Me', we see the music video cuts to the beat at 01:36 we hear the beat and then the scene changes from the one shot to the audience to both of the female. The effect to the audience is that it makes it a lot more entertaining and exciting to watch. I have done cutting to the sound track when i had created my own music video, this is where we had to carefully listen to the beat then we had placed a cut, this made it a lot more enhanced to watch.
